Voiced vs. Unvoiced Pronunciation

Voiced versus Unvoiced Pronunciation Voiced versus Unvoiced Pronunciation Voiced versus Unvoiced Pronunciation By Maeve Maddox Two terms I regularly use when expounding on articulation are voiced and unvoiced. Clearly they are not as recognizable in this setting as I expected they were. A peruser has solicited me to clarify my utilization from them. In one sense, to voice something is equivalent to say or talk it: Mortgage holders voice their interests about expanded quake action. In like manner, in certain unique circumstances, unvoiced methods implicit: In the event that individuals appear to be tense since ofâ unvoicedâ disagreements, you may need to bringâ concernsâ out beyond any confining influence. With regards to elocution, in any case, voiced and unvoiced allude to consonant sounds that are expressed with the lips, tongue and teeth similarly situated, however which produce various sounds. Voiced sounds result when the vocal lines are contacting and vibrate. Unvoiced sounds are articulated with the vocal strings separated. For instance, the two sounds,/d/and/t/are articulated with the tongue similarly situated, yet the sound toward the start of the word hound is voiced. The sound toward the start of the word toy is unvoiced. The accompanying English consonant letter sets speak to voiced and unvoiced sounds: b/p = kid, pit d/t = hound, toy v/f = van, fan Note: The typical spelling for the unvoiced sound in this pair is f. A special case is the expression of, in which the letter f speaks to the voiced sound. j/tch = fly, witch Note: The letter g speaks to two sounds. The â€Å"soft† sound is equivalent to that of the letter j. The â€Å"hard† sound has a place with the accompanying consonant pair. g/k = young lady, kite The letter s and the letter-mix th speak to both voiced and unvoiced sounds: s = music [voiced], sing [unvoiced] th = they [voiced], flimsy [unvoiced] The sound/zh/is spoken to by the letter g in a couple of English words got from French, for example, sort and zoo, however more regularly the sound/zh/is spelled with the letter blend si: attack, interruption, vision. The/zh/sound is additionally spelled with the letter s followed by u: visual, easygoing. The unvoiced sound of/zh/is/sh/, as in transport. The sounds for the letters l, m, n, ng, and r are voiced. They don't have unvoiced reciprocals in English. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Spelling classification, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:Math or Maths?Have versus Having in Certain ExpressionsPreposition Mistakes #1: Accused and Excited

Macbeths Supernatural Scenes Explained Essay Example For Students

Macbeth?s Supernatural Scenes Explained Essay Macbeths heavenly scenes explainedIn todays normal and logically reasonable world, it would be difficult for us to have faith in otherworldly mediation in our consistently lives not at all like during the hours of the Shakespearean plays. In Shakespeares Macbeth, there are three instances of this sort of thing: one with the witches, one with a phantom of a closest companion, and one with the a couple of spirits. In the primary nonrational scene three old grimy (witches) are talking about where they should meet Macbeth to convince him into intuition he ought to be the home ruler. At the point when Macbeth at last meets the three witches on the heath like they had planed, him and his closest companion Banquo are there. The witches know structure long stretches of experience that individuals that are Thanes consistently need to be top dog some time or another regardless of the stuff. With the witches knowing this, they make Macbeth imagine that he is to be above all else or made ruler by saying All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be top dog hereafter!(I, iii, 50) Therefor a large portion of what the witches state they know on the grounds that the have numerous long periods of experience and astuteness under their sleeves.Banquo, comprehending what the witches had stated, must be managed by Macbeth. So Macbeth enlists a hired gunman to deal with Banquo, and at Macbeths evening gathering all the seats are filled aside from Banquos. Macbeth, feeling regretful about his closest companion, begins to fantasize and thinks he is seeing Banquos phantom in his seat. So Macbeth says to everybody The table is full(III,iv,46) and everybody thinks he is physco. Macbeth begins conversing with the purported phantom that he believes is staying there saying Thou canst state I did it. (III,iv,50) With Macbeth saying this it tells everybody about the blame that Macbeth feels and a portion of the others know the wrongdoing he has submitted too. In the last witch scene Macbeth needs to see a few things or individuals that he ought to be careful with later on. So the witches give Macbeth the illustrative body of three nebulous visions: one of a solider in fight, one of a ruler that is a child, and one of a draining kid. While the witches get the ghosts out Macbeth sees them, and again it could be an invention of his creative mind or it could be on the grounds that it is around evening time and he cannot see quite well. So perhaps there are a few things in the Elizabethan time that at that point couldn't be clarified and they were viewed as powerful. However, presently as we think once more into that time we can doubtlessly locate an objective clarification for the greater part of the things called otherworldly in that day, similar to the witches, Banquos phantom and the nebulous visions. In todays society most things are experimentally reasonable.

Yoox

Yoox WHAT IS YOOX?The CompanyYoox is an Italian e-commerce company that has successfully created an online fashion store and business that serves more than 100 countries all over the world. The store sells clothing and accessories from multiple brands and was founded by Frederico Marchetti. Marchetti is a former investment banker who created the company in 2000. He studied economics at the Bocconi University in Milan and then went on to complete his MBA from Columbia Business School in the United States.The Yoox name is supposedly a play on the male chromosome Y and the female chromosome X. The two are linked with the infinity symbol displayed as two OOs. The company has been listed among the Time Magazine’s “50 coolest websites” in 2004 for the Lifestyle and Culture category. The internet platform is powered by Hewlett-Packard since the beginning of its operations. The company maintains the quality of its website by maintaining multiple studios that take merchandise photos to displ ay on the website. About 60 trained photographers work within these studios in Italy and the United States.In the past year, 3 million orders have been delivered to 1.1 million active customers in a 100 countries. Sales for Yoox have grown at an average rate of 37 percent every year. The online luxury market itself grew from close to $1 billion in 2003 to almost $13.5 billion in 2013. A major portion of this growth is centered in the United States and American brands make up 50 percent of all sales.This growth is convincing luxury brands of the necessity of embracing the internet and planning for it in the long term. Yoox has enabled these brands to showcase their products in ways that keep the brand’s name and tradition alive.History of YooxThe history of Yoox is very much interlinked with its enigmatic founder Frederico Marchetti. He was born in Ravenna, in North-East Italy in 1969, completed a degree in Economics from Milan and went on to work for three years in an investment b ank. After completing his MBA from Columbia University, he returned to Milan and joined a consultancy firm.Extremely unhappy with this career move, he was inspired to become an entrepreneur and with a clear vision of converging the worlds of fashion and the internet, Frederico Marchetti conceived the idea for Yoox.com in 1999. His target was not the bargain hunter or a traditional off price website. Instead, he aimed to target the sophisticated shopper who was confident about creating their own outfits without the need for current season offerings. This was his pitch to his future partners, this is what encouraged them to trust him with their brands and he ensured that this trust was not misplaced.Marchetti created a twenty page business plan and left his job at a consultancy firm. With very little connection within the fashion world or banks, he decided to approach venture capitalists. These were relatively rare in Italy at the time. He eventually connected with Elserino Piol who h eard his plan and offered him an investment. Within a few months, the site was designed and ready for launch. The website broke even within three years and continued to grow from there on.Though faced with competition, Marchetti stuck to his vision of being “a global partner in ecommerce for leading fashion brands.” His calculated expansions and strategy has made the company continue to fulfill this vision and promise.Yoox BusinessesThe Yoox Group has a variety of similar businesses. These include the Yoox online multi-brand stores that sell at discounted prices, mono-brand online stores for established brands and the full price multi-brand online stores.Yoox.com: Yoox.com sells clothes and accessories from luxury brands at discounted or outlet prices. The company manages this by purchasing last season’s overstocked or unsold items from the brands that they work with and their authorized dealers. This enables the brands to sell the excess stock without reducing the brand’s v alue or affecting sales of new stock. These brands include well known labels such as Dolce Gabbana, Diesel, Gucci, Armani and Cavalli. Some labels such as Chanel, Dior and Pucci sell only at special occasions while others such as Hussein Chalavan and Alexandre Herchcovitch create special, smaller collections specifically to be sold at yoox.com.Mono-Brand Stores: Yoox created a separate business, Yoox Services, in 2006 to operate and manage the online presence for major fashion labels such as Marni, Armani, Diesel, Stone Island. Valentino, Emilio Pucci, Dolce Gabbana, Moschino, Dsquared, Roberto Cavalli, Coccinelle, Giuseppe Zanotti, Alberta Ferretti, Maison Martin Margiela and Y-3 among others.Thecorner.com: Yoox’s full price item venture exists under the domain name thecorner.com. Launched in 2008 as a menswear retail store, the website soon expanded to include womenswear as well. The website stocks a selection of clothes and accessories from established designer brands and sma ller, more niche labels.Shoescribe.com: In 2013, the company launched a dedicated shoe store. The site offers a shoe subscription service which includes free shipping, free repairs and a 50 percent discount on the buyer’s birthday.IPOThe company began as a privately held business funded by a series of venture capital firms such as Capital Kiwi of Italy, 360 Capital Partner (Net Partners, Italy) and Balderton Capital. In 2009, the company went public and listed on the Milan Stock Exchange, generating 104.5 million Euros as a result.PRODUCTSYoox.com primarily sells overstocked or unsold items from major brands at discounted prices. The company takes what it sells very seriously and does not just sell whatever is available. A team of buyers is sent to catalogue available items that the brand itself or its authorized manufacturers and retailers are offering. The carefully curated items, which include predominantly European designers or unusual pieces from other leading labels are then sold in the online store. The site offers the option of looking for an outfit for a particular event by recommending appropriate items from its available stock.BUSINESS MODEL KEY COMPONENTSRevenue ModelYoox is a turnkey solution for its partner brands and handles all merchandising, digital production, packaging and delivery. The company earns close to 72 percent of its revenue from three of its websites. This revenue totaled $605 million in 2013. All three Yoox businesses (Yoox.com, shoescribe.com and thecorner.com) make money. According to Marchetti, “Business is meant to be profitable.”The Yoox USPThe biggest advantage Yoox has over its competitors is its early start in a market that was wary of taking the online plunge. The company partnered with the right people at the right time and continued to justify their trust by preserving their brand image. The key to success for Yoox remains a mix of precise customer targeting, strong direct relationships with the designers and la bels, control over brand images and exceptional operational efficiency.LEARNING FROM YOOX’S SUCCESS © YooxYoox Group is made up of a set of profitable fashion based ecommerce stores. In this article, we will look at 1) what is Yoox?, 2) products, 3) business model and key components, 4) learning from Yoox’s success.WHAT IS YOOX?The CompanyYoox is an Italian e-commerce company that has successfully created an online fashion store and business that serves more than 100 countries all over the world. The store sells clothing and accessories from multiple brands and was founded by Frederico Marchetti. Marchetti is a former investment banker who created the company in 2000. He studied economics at the Bocconi University in Milan and then went on to complete his MBA from Columbia Business School in the United States.The Yoox name is supposedly a play on the male chromosome Y and the female chromosome X. The two are linked with the infinity symbol displayed as two OOs. The company has been listed among the Time Magazine’s “50 coolest websites” in 2004 for the Lifestyle and Culture category. The internet platform is powered by Hewlett-Packard since the beginning of its operations. The company maintains the quality of its website by maintaining multiple studios that take merchandise photos to display on the website. About 60 trained photographers work within these studios in Italy and the United States.In the past year, 3 million orders have been delivered to 1.1 million active customers in a 100 countries. Sales for Yoox have grown at an average rate of 37 percent every year. The online luxury market itself grew from close to $1 billion in 2003 to almost $13.5 billion in 2013. A major portion of this growth is centered in the United States and American brands make up 50 percent of all sales.This growth is convincing luxury brands of the necessity of embracing the internet and planning for it in the long term. Yoox has enabled these brands to showcase their products in ways that keep the brand’s name and tradition alive.History of YooxThe history of Yoox is very much interlinked with its enigmatic founder Frederico Marchetti. He was born in Ravenna, in North-East Italy in 1969, completed a degree in Economics from Milan and went on to work for three years in an investment bank. After completing his MBA from Columbia University, he returned to Milan and joined a consultancy firm.Extremely unhappy with this career move, he was inspired to become an entrepreneur and with a clear vision of converging the worlds of fashion and the internet, Frederico Marchetti conceived the idea for Yoox.com in 1999. His target was not the bargain hunter or a traditional off price website. Instead, he aimed to target the sophisticated shopper who was confident about creating their own outfits without the need for current season offerings. This was his pitch to his future partners, this is what encouraged them to trust him with their brands and he ensured that this trust was not misplaced.Marchetti created a twenty page business plan and left his job at a co nsultancy firm. With very little connection within the fashion world or banks, he decided to approach venture capitalists. These were relatively rare in Italy at the time. He eventually connected with Elserino Piol who heard his plan and offered him an investment. Within a few months, the site was designed and ready for launch. The website broke even within three years and continued to grow from there on.Though faced with competition, Marchetti stuck to his vision of being “a global partner in ecommerce for leading fashion brands.” His calculated expansions and strategy has made the company continue to fulfill this vision and promise.Yoox BusinessesThe Yoox Group has a variety of similar businesses. These include the Yoox online multi-brand stores that sell at discounted prices, mono-brand online stores for established brands and the full price multi-brand online stores.Yoox.com: Yoox.com sells clothes and accessories from luxury brands at discounted or outlet prices. The compan y manages this by purchasing last season’s overstocked or unsold items from the brands that they work with and their authorized dealers. This enables the brands to sell the excess stock without reducing the brand’s value or affecting sales of new stock. These brands include well known labels such as Dolce Gabbana, Diesel, Gucci, Armani and Cavalli. Some labels such as Chanel, Dior and Pucci sell only at special occasions while others such as Hussein Chalavan and Alexandre Herchcovitch create special, smaller collections specifically to be sold at yoox.com.Mono-Brand Stores: Yoox created a separate business, Yoox Services, in 2006 to operate and manage the online presence for major fashion labels such as Marni, Armani, Diesel, Stone Island. Valentino, Emilio Pucci, Dolce Gabbana, Moschino, Dsquared, Roberto Cavalli, Coccinelle, Giuseppe Zanotti, Alberta Ferretti, Maison Martin Margiela and Y-3 among others.Thecorner.com: Yoox’s full price item venture exists under the domain name thecorner.com. Launched in 2008 as a menswear retail store, the website soon expanded to include womenswear as well. The website stocks a selection of clothes and accessories from established designer brands and smaller, more niche labels.Shoescribe.com: In 2013, the company launched a dedicated shoe store. The site offers a shoe subscription service which includes free shipping, free repairs and a 50 percent discount on the buyer’s birthday.IPOThe company began as a privately held business funded by a series of venture capital firms such as Capital Kiwi of Italy, 360 Capital Partner (Net Partners, Italy) and Balderton Capital. In 2009, the company went public and listed on the Milan Stock Exchange, generating 104.5 million Euros as a result.PRODUCTSYoox.com primarily sells overstocked or unsold items from major brands at discounted prices. The company takes what it sells very seriously and does not just sell whatever is available. A team of buyers is sent to catalogue availa ble items that the brand itself or its authorized manufacturers and retailers are offering. The carefully curated items, which include predominantly European designers or unusual pieces from other leading labels are then sold in the online store. The site offers the option of looking for an outfit for a particular event by recommending appropriate items from its available stock.BUSINESS MODEL KEY COMPONENTSRevenue ModelYoox is a turnkey solution for its partner brands and handles all merchandising, digital production, packaging and delivery. The company earns close to 72 percent of its revenue from three of its websites. This revenue totaled $605 million in 2013. All three Yoox businesses (Yoox.com, shoescribe.com and thecorner.com) make money. According to Marchetti, “Business is meant to be profitable.”The Yoox USPThe biggest advantage Yoox has over its competitors is its early start in a market that was wary of taking the online plunge. The company partnered with the right p eople at the right time and continued to justify their trust by preserving their brand image. The key to success for Yoox remains a mix of precise customer targeting, strong direct relationships with the designers and labels, control over brand images and exceptional operational efficiency.LEARNING FROM YOOX’S SUCCESSFocusing on the Right IdeaYoox founder Marchetti is one of the most important people in fashion. But it did not start out this way. Unlike most other people that matter in the fashion world, he was not among the buyers, editors, celebrities, socialites or designers. Rather his beginning was among the back-office operations and the jumble of overstock. This has not stopped him from establishing himself right at the center of power and control. Online shopping has created a landmark disruption in the luxury fashion world and Marchetti is at the forefront of this revolution. Yoox remains one of the largest and most successful online fashion sites in the world, selling bo th discount items as well as full price ones. The company is also in demand by major labels to power their own online versions.Clear StrategySince the beginning, the Yoox founder had a clear vision of where he wanted to take his venture. His aim was to become a trusted partner for high fashion brands and labels. He set out to take this brands to the internet in a beautiful way and not lessen the impact and equity of the brand itself.Convincing Skeptical PartnersTraditionally, the people behind luxury brands and labels remained vary of the online phenomenon. These brands were about exclusivity while the internet was the opposite, a tool for the mass audience. The Yoox founder managed to convince these people that online retail spaces would complement their business, enhance their sales, and be essential for the future growth and success of the business. He ensured that the online space would not be for the causal bargain hunter but aimed at the fashion conscious buyer who would want to be adventurous in their clothing choices. He assured them that the products would be displayed through elegant and responsive websites. His success in convincing these people led to partnerships with dozens of brands for both the overstock sales as well as new season items.Efficient OperationsRather than focus on marketing or search engine optimization, the company focuses on the operational side of the business. This includes vital processes such as understanding and following the customs requirements of over a 100 countries, translating product information into several different languages and converting sizes to make them relevant worldwide. Much like Amazon, Yoox has managed to master the logistics aspects of its business. This includes the complete management of the online store, product shipping and handling, digital production, reliability in payments and excellent customer service and care. These are aspects of the business of selling luxury goods online that are not part of the usual fashion narrative. But it is these same aspects that remain crucial to how a brand is perceived and how it maintains its image.Reliable LogisticsIn 2011, the company managed to ensure 99 percent on time delivery of products. In 2013, the company delivered 2.8 million orders. These are tough milestones to achieve given the spread of the Yoox customer base worldwide. Orders are received every 11 seconds on average. The order reaches the warehouse in Italy. The company also has a few local hubs in New Jersey, Tokyo, Honk Kong and Shanghai. The basic model is of centralized inventory, so most of the products are shipped from the central warehouse. Some items may be stocked in the hubs to be closer to target audiences.In 2010, the company moved from the traditional use of barcodes and manual picking to RIFD tagging and robotic cranes. This allowed full control over inventory levels, with exact locations of items known at any point in the supply chain. This allows any of the 5 million items in inventory to be instantly located and matched to customer orders. Orders may be either for the local hubs or directly for the customer. The process is automated till packaging which significantly improves productivity.Website DesignThe Yoox website is not editorial in its design. Instead, it assumes that the shopper is a little familiar with fashion and allows a knowledgeable consumer to browse easily. Yoox pays special attention to the product photography. When new stock arrives at the warehouse, one item is taken from each type and this is used for website design. All relevant product data needed before the item is put online is collected and added to the item including product descriptions, photos, post-production and quality control. The warehouses use dozens on photographers in several studios for the mono brand stores while there is a system of automated photography for Yoox.com that allows nearly 15,000 items to be photographed on a daily basis.Embrace New TechnologyAs a pioneer in its business, Yoox continues to keep an eye on emerging trends and deliver on these with commitment and in a timely fashion. Research was conducted on mobile sales as early as 2006 and an iPhone application was released in 2009. This was one of the first shopping applications for a smart phone. The company continued along this path and released an app for the iPad the day it was launched in the United States. This timely action was rewarded and mobile based channels now make up as much as 40 percent of the total traffic to the website. This has been especially successful in China where ecommerce is very popular and ecommerce spending is expected to reach 540 billion Pounds in 2015.[slideshare id=27360148doc=yooxoverview2013-131019093447-phpapp02]Fredrico Marchetti’s Ideas for Successful Entrepreneurial VenturesMarchetti has been extensively interviewed about his business ventures and his early foray into the world of luxury brand ecommerce outlets. He hig hlights some important points repeatedly, that have contributed to his success over the years. These points are:Speed â€" This is a key element for an entrepreneur. Being the first to innovate is vital. This means analyzing trends and rightly predicting what actions need to be taken to stay relevant in the long run.Timing â€" Along with speed, there needs to be an eye on the timing. Some actions cannot be taken too early and definitely not too late. An idea can be kept on the horizon until the time is right to take actions based on it.Embrace Mistakes â€" being innovative and a pioneer cannot be without a few mistakes. The important thing is to highlight these, learn from them and ensure that they are not repeated.Understand the Customer â€" Marchetti emphasizes the importance of becoming a mirror for the customer. Yoox employs 60 percent women in their 30s which also reflects their customer base. The customers make quick choices and want quick results. And the company provides this through very reliable deliveries.Courage â€" Marchetti emphasizes that he started out with no money and even some debt. It is a combination of courage and luck that leads an entrepreneur from that place of uncertainty to one of success, and not just success but long term success.Keys for a Successful Online StoreAccording to Marchetti, a successful online fashion store should have the following:Innovation â€" An good selection of unique items.Service â€" Excellent customer service that makes the user experience both entertaining and satisfactory. Important aspects here are reliable shipping, free returns, refunds and customer care.Privacy â€" The ability to try on clothes in the privacy on a customer’s own home and see how the clothes fit in with the rest of the wardrobe is an important aspect that draws people to shop online.  Image credit: Yoox.

In the United States Should the Drinking Age be Lowered From 21 to a Younger Age - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1559 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Lowering The Drinking Age Essay Did you like this example? Many people around the world drink alcohol for numerous reasons. However, some people may not be able to drink alcohol in other countries because of the drinking age law. For example, people are allowed to drink alcohol at age 18 in Korea, but they cannot drink in the United States because the drinking age law is 21. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "In the United States Should the Drinking Age be Lowered From 21 to a Younger Age" essay for you Create order Since 1984, the United States Congress introduced the minimum drinking and legal purchasing age law as 21 and most states have followed the law until now. After the law passed, the percentages of drinking decreased, but at the same time there are now more people protesting. Even though there are more people protesting, the nation should not lower the drinking age from 21 to a younger because drinking alcohol can cause humongous damage to human body, the accidents and deaths rate will increase, and the rate of alcoholism will increase. The history of alcohol began a long time age. When the first alcohol was created, people did not drink as much as nowadays because the main purpose of using alcohol was to treat illnesses or other medical purposes. However, ever since few centuries ago, people, typically European, began using the alcohol for another purpose: drinking. After some time, drinking alcohol became popular. It is also around this time that Americans started drinking. Europeans imported abundant supplies of liquor into the United States in the 1600s when they came to America. They also created liquor using ingredients from America. As American alcohol became popular in the late 1700s, people started drinking it with every meal. Everybody, even children, could enjoy drinking alcohol without any interference because there was no age limit for drinking alcohol. However, few years later, Abraham Lincoln realized how alcohol was dangerous to the human body; therefore, he imposed a new tax on liquor and made it m andatory to teach the danger of alcohol at school. After the Civil war, in 1910, the United States government banned driving while intoxicated and 9 years later, in 1919, the Constitution announced 18th amendment:After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited (U.S. Constitution). The government officially prohibited manufacturing, selling, or transporting intoxicating liquors to the whole states. However, in 1993, the Constitution announced another amendment: The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed (U.S. Constitution). The 18th amendment was quickly abolished because it failed to be maintained and raised the crime rate. Later, in 1984 July 19, the U.S. constitution introduce d the current drinking age law, 21. First, the National Institute of Health, NIH, studies whether alcohol is good for health and if it is bad, it examines how it is bad and effects on the human body. According to NIH, alcohol mainly damages the brain, heart, pancreas, immune system, and liver (Alcohols Effects on the Body). Alcohol blocks the brain and other tissues from communicating, so the body cannot function properly. If the body fails to function properly, the body and brain cannot develop properly and the behavior and mood may change negatively too. Some people say alcohol helps increase blood pressure; however, it is more likely to cause arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) and cardiomyopathy (stretching and drooping of heart muscle). Furthermore, people who have high blood pressure need to control or stop drinking alcohol because it can lead to heart attacks and make their immune system weaker. If the immune system becomes weaker, the liver will be impacted by getting alcoholic hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis because alcohol primarily damages the liver. Even if it is worse, it can lead human body to have cancers such as liver, mouth, esophagus, throat, and breast cancer. The human body is connected together. If one organ is affected adversely, all other organs can be damaged. Lowering the drinking age will make people drink more alcohol. However, if people drink too much, they be hurt physically more than they gain in entertainment; therefore, the drinking age limit should not be lowered from 21. Secondly, the lower minimum legal drinking age produced not only more sale and consumption but also car accidents, typically people who just stepped into their adulthood. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, reported that in 2015 alone, about 1.1 million drivers were arrested and 111 million drivers self reported. More than ten thousands people are also losing their lives every year because of alcohol impaired driving crashes (Impaired Driving). However, among casualties, 2,333 teenagers, between ages 16- 19 were included and 234,845 teenagers were put in a serious situation by accidents (Teen Driver). This is the another statistic that focused on teenagers alcohol impaired driving crashes. According to another center, NSDUH, about 7.3 million teenagers who were under 21 had experienced drinking liquor. Out of the total, 19 percent drank alcohol illegally. This caused 1900 young people to be dead and 300 young people to commit suicide (Underage Drinking Statistics). The rate of drinking alcohol continues to increase every year. At the same time, the average of accidents and death rates is also on the rise This statistics shows how people get out of control after drinking liquor. Both teenagers and adults drink and drive. Many people have been arrested, injured, and killed by drunk driving. If the drinking age limit lowers, more people will be injured and killed. The crime rate will also be higher. In order to cope with this situation, the age limit for alcohol should not be lowered. Thirdly, lowering the drinking age limit will result in more alcoholism. Oxford dictionary defines alcoholism as addiction to the consumption of alcoholic drink (Oxford Dictionary). People cannot handle their behavior or thoughts while they are drunk; therefore, they can easily be a bad influence to others or society through robbery, sexual assault, rape, violence, child abuse, or homicide. In 2015, 86 percent of homicide, 15 percent of robberies, and 37 percent of rapes and sexual assaults were committed by drunk people. Alcoholism also impacts families. More than hundred thousand incidents of family violence is caused by liquor.Scientists announces that 40 percent of all crimes are related to alcohol abuse (Alcoholism and Family/ Marital problems.). In the United States, there are also numerous people struggling with drinking and it is turning to a serious problem these days. There are about 12 to 14 million adults who have an alcoholism problem and more than 3 million teenagers are at risk to be addicted. To lower the age limit for alcohol is the same as to increase the number of alcohol addicts and criminal rates. There are so many alcoholics that even at the age limit of 21, lowering the age limit will likely aggravate the situation. Young people are also more likely to become addicted to alcohol because they cannot control themselves as well as adults. Therefore, it is wise to stay within the age limit of 21. Today, numerous people believe that small amount of drinking alcohol has benefits to human body because some doctors and medias announcement. According to Mayo Clinic, The possible health benefits of drinking alcohol are reduce risks of developing and dying from heart disease and diabetes (Nutrition and healthy eating). About six hundred thousands people die in the United States because of heart diseases; however, a glass of wine can help to relieve their heart diseases, at the same time, it drops the death rate that caused by heart disease. If people control the drinking amount, it can enoughly be beneficial to our health. However, it also contains abundant health risks. Typically addiction, fatty liver, heart disease, mental health problems, and even several cancers at the same time. Some doctors say it can prevent heart attacks and breast cancers; however, others have announced there is a larger possibilities to get other health risks. It is more helpful to eat fruit such as grapes or berries instead of alcohol. People tend not to recognize some facts, but only listen to what they want to hear. Media News Today also reports that Women should not drink more than a glass a day, and men, two glasses (Alcohol use and your health). This means more than a glass or two can cause many dangerous health risks. When people asking about benefit of alcohol, most people only provide wines, not other alcoholic beverages because there are no other benefits for other liquor to human body. Drinking alcohol is actually more easier to have health risks than prevent the health. The age limit for alcohol is still a controversial issue, and many people disagree with it. Many people have expressed a strong desire to change the legal age to below 21, but there are so many problems that can arise from changing the age limit. For example, profuse accidents still occur when the age limit is unchanged, and if the age limit is changed, more accidents will happen. Accidents are not only bad for people, but also can affect the reputation of the country. It is a more efficient and wiser choice to maintain the age limit to protect peoples health and raise the reputation of the country rather than to change the age restriction to bring accidents and countrys bad reputation. Knowing the problems and trying to prevent them is a far more important than conforming to peoples desires; therefore, the drinking age should not be lowered.

Science Can Not Be Defined - 1531 Words

Science Cannot be Defined Calvin Berndt Philosophy of Science Spring 2015 05/03/2015 There are a multitude of conflicting theories that aim to conclude the definition of science, and all of them have underlying issues that make them inadequate in giving a definitive definition. According to Dictionary.com the current prevailing definition of science is â€Å"the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment (Dictionary, n.d.).† However, the attempted definitions of science are not useless as they are still very useful in understanding what science is and what it means to carry out science, but there is no simple unobjectionable definition. The before-mentioned†¦show more content†¦The example Bauer uses to demonstrate this idea is â€Å"just because the first million swans were white, one could not guarantee that the next one would be white also. (Bauer, 1992)† The very next swan could indeed be black, and because of this possibility the thesis that ‘all swans are white ’ could never be true. David Hume brings up the fact that although we have always perceived the same cause and effect, their connection is not necessarily true. Another example would be that all metals expand when heated. It is true that all of the metals humans have identified to this point in time have been tested to expand when heated, but that doesn’t necessarily mean that we will never discover a metal that doesn’t expand when it is heated in the future. Hume concludes induction cannot be a rational inference, due to the fact that inductions can produce false conclusions from true premises, and ultimately implies the idea that correlation doesn’t necessarily mean causation. These examples demonstrate the idea that no absolute certainty can be derived from the scientific method. Karl Popper expands this idea by saying that what makes something scientific is the concept of it being falsifiable, rather than a method that results in absolute truth (Jogal ekar, 2014). This means that in order for a theory to be scientific it has to have the possibility of being tested to be false or incorrect. According to Popper, this is also

Attitudes about Witchcraft Free Essays

Demonic glares, cackling laughs, pointy hats, curling claw-like fingernails, warts perched on their noses, pale sickly skin that contrasts to their black or deep purple clothing: this is the typical description of what most witches are perceived as today. Witchcraft officially began in England In the mid sass’s. Christianity was the dominant religion at this time In England. We will write a custom essay sample on Attitudes about Witchcraft or any similar topic only for you Order Now To be a witch, one had to sign a pact with the devil, often to worship him, which was heresy and meant damnation. As society came more literate, increasing numbers of books and tracts fueled the witch fears. The Mallets Molecular, written by Kramer and Springer, was one of the most Influential books used by secular witch-hunting courts. Thousands of people (primarily women) were Judicially murdered as a result of the procedures described In this book, for no reason than a strange birthmark, cultivation of medicinal herbs, or simply because they were falsely accused (often for financial gain by the accuser). The Mallets Maleficent serves as a horrible warning about what happens when intolerance takes over a society. During the Reformation, from 1500 to 1660, Europe saw between 50,000 and 80,000 suspected witches executed, 80% of those killed were women. One of these women was Isabel Goodie, who admitted to transmuting herself into a hare and confessed involvement with the Devil for 15 years. In the sass’s, witch-hunting, after a major outbreak in France, began to decrease. England executed its last witch in 1682 and the world was changing along with new ideals brought about by the Enlightenment. It wasn’t until the 19th century that people Egan to see witches as healers. In Year of Wonders, the outbreak of deaths is blamed on a widow, Me Goodie, and her niece, Nays Goodie, who are the village’s herbalists and midwives. To test Me Goodie for being a witch, they throw her into a flooded mine shaft. Once she drowns, they immediately begin to repent and call themselves murderers. Her niece is summoned from the village, and being more practical and skilled in medicine understands the situation, and immediately tries to revive her. After three breaths, Me awakens, and Nays, having raised the dead, is ragged away and asked to confess to her consort with the devil, and in attempting to distract the mob, she confesses and accuses the questioners of having themselves cuckolded by the devil. Her ploy causes great confusion and furthers their hysteria, but does not work ? she is lynched moments before Rector Employing appears. Today, witches are viewed as both good and bad, one prime example being the Wizard of Oz (the wicked witch of the west and the good witch of the north), but they have left a significant mark on history and this period will be remembered wrought the ages. Attitudes about Witchcraft By federally Witchcraft officially began in England in the mid sass’s. Christianity was the dominant religion at this time in England. To be a witch, one had to sign a pact with The Mallets Maleficent, written by Kramer and Springer, was one of the most influential books used by secular witch-hunting courts. Thousands of people in this book, for no reason than a strange birthmark, cultivation of medicinal herbs, or but does not work ? she is lynched moments before Rector Implosion appears. How to cite Attitudes about Witchcraft, Papers

Driving Lessons free essay sample

I’ve liked to drive next to water ever since my dad first took me to the harbor and let me coast around beside the vastness of Lake Michigan. He would make me practice reversing, three-point turns, letting the wheel slide through my tense grip as I bore left or right. I never believed the car would straighten out unless I forced it to. It was the perfect spot to learn, though, because it was soothing and free of distraction. Sometimes we would park and walk around in the company of gulls, picking out distant lighthouses or orange buoys in the fast-fading daylight. I think that has a lot to do with why now, three years later as I’m following the winding path of the Rock River, I feel perfectly at peace. The Sauk Indians used to call it the Sinnissippi, meaning â€Å"troubled waters,† but I’ve seen this river at night with the full moon illuminating its back like a long black snake and when it floods and the treetops stick out of it like there is some alien landscape submerged hundreds of feet below, and it only brings me tranquility. We will write a custom essay sample on Driving Lessons or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After all the times I’ve driven up this river, I’ve built a relationship with it, and we are like old friends as I steer with the pattern of its curves, my hands much steadier than in a parking lot of a marina long ago. There is just one place I take Illinois Route 2, either to or from. It is, to my mind, the only successful utopia, a cluster of modest buildings set forward on two hundred acres of wooded riding trails and sandstone canyons. Every Sunday afternoon a group of children arrive with bulging duffel bags, and every Saturday morning they leave again with teary smiles. I’ve the privilege of lingering long after they’re gone, and have seen enough to say that perhaps if all civilizations replaced their residents as frequently, people and regimes might be happier. Even so, I’m glad I get to stay. I pass through the little town of Oregon, sights like the square and the large, bright sign for Fun ’n’ Sun Tan being re-colored in my memory after fading with a period of unfamiliarity, like a painter touching up a mural. I am far better at following landmarks than directions. The Oregon Trail Festival has begun, also, and artful tepees dot the streets, commemorating the area’s Sauk ancestry. When I pull into the gravel driveway, careful to go the approved ten miles per hour, past our stop sign announcing â€Å"Whoa† (I have wondered whether it is an authorized traffic control device), I feel the quiet joy of one who has come home. I make this journey once a year, twice if I can, coming to see the brown and green landscape frostbitten and the horses in their winter bulk like woolly bears. But the real reason I take any chance to return is the rare sense of seeing people without my eyes. Sitting on the wagon-wheel couches that have been around since I was nine, and probably longer, we can be as we are. We are heading nowhere here; there is no career in camp counseling. Be as that may, I get the impression I am storing up another kind of riches for my future. All I want at the moment, though, is to breathe the smell of manure in the summer air and hike, where else but along the creek.

The Lord of the Rings Return of the King Theatrical VS Cinematic

The Lord of the Rings trilogy is considered to be one of the most successful movie franchises of all time due its combination of the theatrical and the cinematic which resonated well with global audiences (Bennett, 91).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Its cinematic quality can be seen in the finely detailed CGI graphics and backdrops that the characters were immersed in (Bennett, 91). The picturesque landscapes, the lifelike realism of the climactic battle scenes, the use of magic, fantasy and vivid imagery creates a world that no theatre could possibly create. The film itself was meant to â€Å"wow† audiences with the way in which it represented Middle Earth in the way that J.R.R Tolkien saw envisaged his own eyes. The film franchise is also known for its use of theatrics as it can be seen in the speeches, dialogue and mannerisms of the characters themselves. Unlike modern films where the characters seem to blend in with other characters and the very backdrop of the film itself the dramatic and often times exaggerated acting of the actors, Hugo Weaving in particular, gives audiences the impression that they are not watching a move at all but rather a dramatic theatrical play where the main actors act in overly operatic and melodramatic ways in order to better connect with the audience and bring them into the film itself. One scene in the movie in particular draws out this feeling of theatrics, namely the speech of Aragorn before the attack on the Black Gates of Mordor. When Hugo Weaving speaks in this particular scene one cannot help but be drawn into the speech itself, there are no cinematic effects shown rather all focus is on Aragorn not virtue of any focused effect but rather due to the power of his speech, the emotion resonating in his voice and his ability to garner the attentio n of the audience through his voice alone. This particular form of acting is often seen in various theatrical plays as the actors act in an overly melodramatic way in order to capture the attention of the audience. In this particular scene Aragorn is capturing the full attention of the audience so that instead of the audience realizing the small size of Aragorn’s army compared to the massive army of Mordor they still place their faith on Aragorn’s men due to the sheer power of his speech in which people cannot help but want to support him. Another scene which captures the theatrical aspects of the film is the scene involving Gandalf and the Witch King wherein both adversaries confront each other on top of one of the towers in the city. While this scene does include some cinematic effects such as the CGI monster that Witch King was riding what must be taken into consideration in this particular scene is the fact that the interaction between the two characters through sp eech alone creates such a feeling of hopelessness that one cannot help but feel that the cause is lost.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What must be understood is that theatrical presentations often rely on speech as a method of inciting a particular reaction in various audiences as such the dramatic use of speech in this particular case was the complete opposite of that utilized by Aragorn rather it was meant to instill a sense of hopelessness in the audiences for the fate of Gondar and the fellowship. So far what has been presented are various cases of theatrical presentations in the film however what Return of the King is most known for is not just its use of theatrics but rather in its stunning use of cinematics where one cannot help but marvel at the scenes, backdrops and battles that seem to get better and better after each passing scene in the film. One particular example of the use of cinematics in the film was the use of CGI in order to portray the lifelike battle on the fields of Pellenor. This particular scene involved thousands of CGI representations in order to create a vivid and realistic battle between two opposing armies. The level of detail was so good that one cannot help but be fascinated by the sheer scale of the fighting especially in the use of CGI graphics to create the Oliphant’s (yes they were named that way in book and the movie). Another case of brilliant cinematic imagery was the scene entitled â€Å"the Charge of the Rohirrim†, in it audiences are treated to a climactic battle scene where literally thousands of riders come streaming down a hill in a triangle formation battering into the enemy army below. This scene can be considered cinematic due to the detailed and vivid charge of army and its subsequent clash wherein the very sounds of bodies crashing in spears, swords hitting swords and the sounds of death and m urder echo around which gives the scene a greater degree of cinematic realism. It must be noted that cinematic representations often involve visual and auditory effects in order to capture the attention of the audience. Speeches, dialog or even good acting is not exactly required in such instances as it can be seen in the battle scenes in the movie wherein people just scream and attempt to batter each other.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is based on this that it can said that theatrical representations often rely on dialog and the sheer talent of the actor in order to properly capture the attention of an audience while cinematic representations rely more on visual cues and effects in order to capture an audience’s attention. After viewing the film it can not really be said that either theatrical or cin ematic elements work better for this particular type of movie franchise. The reason behind this is the fact that since the movie itself is based off of a book the movie tries to incorporate certain aspects of the book itself which are inherently theatrical. On the other hand in order to properly portray the needed battle scenes and backdrops a certain degree of cinematic quality needed to be incorporated into the film itself. It is due to this that it really cannot be stated that one element of the film (theatrical or cinematic) works better since both are inherently needed in order to properly portray the movie as it was envisaged in the book. Works Cited Bennett, Ray, and Peter Pryor. â€Å"Oscar crown on head of ‘King’.† Hollywood Reporter –  International Edition 382.42 (2004): 91. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. This essay on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic was written and submitted by user Braydon Wright to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have 4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have Writing assignments require a lot of students’ attention and efforts. If a student decides to hire a professional writer to complete a writing assignment, they need to proceed with caution to make sure that the final draft will be at high quality. When students search for a person to handle their most important writing tasks, they need to pay close attention to the writer’s skills, the results of the previous works, the reviews they’ve been given by other students, and so on. No matter what genre a writer is working with, and it definitely applies to professional bio writers. When you hire a professional bio writer to take care of a writing assignment for you, here are 4 key characteristics that you need to look for. 1. Passionate about Books The writer must be absolutely passionate about books. If a bio author isn’t a bibliophile, there’s no way that they’ll ever be able to gain sufficient knowledge about a person’s life. This is especially true for biography writers dealing with historical figures from the distant past. The longer ago they lived, the more likely they are to have several books, and hundreds of essays written about them. Make sure that the professional bio writer you hire is a true book geek and loves nothing more than diving into hundreds of pages of history. 2. Skilled in Analytical Thinking The writer must be skilled in analytical thinking. Writing an excellent bio requires a writer to be able to juxtapose the facts of a person’s life. They’ll need to sort through contradictory information to find the most reliable sources available and avoid myths and common misconceptions. What you think happened and what really happened can be two very different things. If the writer you hire relies on the first source that they find instead of checking their facts and considering the validity of each source, your professor may be disappointed by the shallow research (and your grade may suffer accordingly). 3. Detail-Oriented The writer must be detail-oriented. Writing an engaging biography requires a writer to go beyond birth, death, and marriage dates and find out what happened in between. They’ll need to search for revealing details of a person’s life, perhaps found in personal correspondence, newspaper articles, or journal entries. Looking beyond a vague summary means that your professor will be delving into fascinating details when they read your paper instead of skimming over a dull summary. 4. Unpleasant Facts Are Mentioned too The writer must not gloss over unpleasant facts of the past. For example, women and minorities have been mistreated throughout much of human history, and while we no longer consider this acceptable, a good bio writer does not omit these details. A good man must not be made into a god by the omission of his having owned slaves or opposed women’s suffrage; instead, his character must be shown fully, with all its strengths and weaknesses together. If you’ll carefully check reviews and correspond with a bio writer to make sure that they follow these guidelines, you’ll be much more pleased with the product you receive. Students should always ensure that their hard-earned money is well-spent when entrusting bio writers with their grades. But you can hire a freelance academic writer to get a custom biography written from scratch.

Berman vs department of interior case Term Paper

Berman vs department of interior case - Term Paper Example erman undertakes to bring the culprits to book by aiding POGO in drafting the draft Freedom of Information Act (â€Å"FOIA†) which allowed them to file for two qui tam actions in the United States District Court. As a result, they were paid $440m from the litigation. This was the value of the royalties owed by the oil companies. POGO had already promised to pay a third of the money they will be paid after the litigation and thus when the money was compensated, POGO sent a check of $383,600 to Berman and enclosed therein an indication that the money was an award for his dedication and not for payment of his services. Alter on, the Department of the Interior sued Berman for violation of ethical obligation and breach of fiduciary duty. The perpetrators in this case were the Project on Government Oversight (POGO) and Berman. The societal values they violated was the compensation of the $383,600 check out of the $440 million which was meant to be for the royalties which were underpaid to the federal and Indian lands by the oil companies. They should have given the money to them instead of suing it. Organizational values which were violated in this case were the payment of lump sum money to a government employee for tasks done for the government apart from the salary. Thus, POGO should not have given Berman the check since he was already doing his job. Berman’s ethical obligation concerning oil royalty matters was to deliver the paid money to the underpaid federal and Indian lands by the oil companies. There are competing obligations in this case since the money paid to Berman was meant to be an award for his decision for his work in the past decade while the punishment in this case should be applied to paymen ts given to government especially for future work (Denhardt, 1988). The obligation of the non-public officials in this case was to ensure there was no mismanagement of public resources or abuse of power. They owed this obligation to the public since they were

See attachments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

See attachments - Assignment Example Study 2 on the other hand measures the level of up to how long it will take for drivers to leave if the level of intrusion and status of intruder will have to be manipulated. Study 3 documents the specific responses of individuals who parked at a mall would react to intruders. It is therefore clear that the research question that these three studies addressed is relevant to finding the evidence of territorial defense and how it is viewed in the case of drivers leaving a public space and the intruding drivers. 2. Technically, the research question is the same for the three studies as far as the exact thought of what the researchers would want to find out is concerned. In great detail, the researchers wished to see the picture of the entire information linked to territorial mentality of individuals particularly when it comes to the concept of space. For this reason, being consistent to use drivers as the common subjects of the three studies, gives us the insight that the proponents wer e able to obtain a general thought of answering a one specific research question for the entire research investigation that was subdivided under three studies. The three studies were able to adhere to finding how human behavior through territorial mentality of individuals may be highly associated with the concept of space. 3. ... The good thing about two of the studies is the inclusion of observation and actual experiment. The other one includes actual interview, which is a significant component of a qualitative research. In other words, the general phenomenon of interest in all of the studies is the actual inclusion of diversified methodological approach in obtaining particular data that could help solve the research question. 4. There were more than one methodologies used in the research studies in order to obtain the relevant information associated with answering the actual research question. This is methodological triangulation, by which the researchers were consistent in using due to the fact that at the end of every study, it would ensure answering their relevant research question. In other words, by being able to set the study with a particular research question to answer, the methodological triangulation conspires to create a path that will lead to finding the answer which is of great concern of the r esearchers. This means that even if there could be varying methodological approaches used, the ultimate concern would be to create actual input that will lead to finding answers set for the research question at the end of the study or actual research investigation. 5. I believe the study could be a perfect example of a qualitative research due to subjective judgment that may be employed by the researchers. Although there was an actual experiment conducted, the said activity would still require subjective judgment as far as gathering and documenting of data and information are concerned. In addition, the actual interview is a form of qualitative approach because the actual response could not be translated

Industrial Design And Engineering Design Cultural Studies Essay

Industrial Design And Engineering Design Cultural Studies Essay This paper gathers views in the literature on design thinking and representation of design processes from the point of view of industrial design and engineering design. The paper conducts a critical review of texts dealing with differences and similarities in design processes in the field of industrial design as opposed to engineering design, with particular attention to the elements of creativity in product design. The design of a consumer electrical appliance such as a hair dryer and the larger dimensions of car design are areas where what an industrial designer might do and what a design engineer might do can be usefully compared and contrasted. The paper goes on to survey the field of product design from a different perspective, that of art. It takes up the challenge to traditional design by the Bauhaus movement in Germany in the1920s to 1930s, and the Memphis movement of the 19760s to 1980s. It is a valid question, apart from the how of product design, to ask whether new movements or initiatives might easily change the what of the design world, and through emphasis on fashion and style both industrial designers and engineering designers might find themselves creating new, more creative patterns and products. Background The combined shortage of designers and demands of manufacturers led to criticism of industry by such designers as William Morris and John Ruskin who could see that separation of design from the processes of production had influenced esthetic quality (Haskett 1977). This paper explains how industrial design focuses on user interface and esthetic quality. At the same time engineering design has become a key element in product design, applying engineering principles to developing components, systems and processes to meet specific needs. A concept of an artisan, craftsperson, who is totally free to invent art forms and create designs, with no restriction, is not reflected in the history of art and craft, whether in Europe or in Asia. There is the economic restriction that there must be a user who purchases the work or supports the craftsperson; and it should be kept in mind that craft requires a properly equipped workplace and usually workers. There is the social reality of the acceptance of the work of a craftsperson and the general estimation of its value. Thus in focusing on the inseparability of invention and execution as it may be applied to design, the anachronistic idea of individualism need not be introduced in order to understand the creative process. A key condition is the ability of craft to produce the designs that emerge. Technology has, essentially, made that a very possible prospect. Further, in terms of a reciprocal effect of design on craft, the use of computerised design and the production of computer software to meet designers demands, along with the common feedback effect on production of new computer hardware, can mean that craft and design can contribute to each other. The Collins English Dictionary defines technology as the application of practical sciences to industry or commence, or the total knowledge and skills available to any human society for industry, art, science, etc. (1995). Barras (1986) has argued that the typical course of development in services has been from process innovation and focus on the new product design and market, then moving to achieving economies of scale and low costs. The decline of the traditional craft apprenticeship system meant that craftspeople became more familiar with others in in terior, industrial, theatre and product design, and with architecture, fashion, and performance art (Margetts 1989, pp.9-10). Although an industrial-design profession did not exist in the late nineteenth century, the architect Frank Lloyd Wright articulated its principles in 1901 by advising artists create prototypes for factory reproduction rather than to produce craft work. After 1900, manufacturers tried to give new form to electrical appliances, cars and other new technologies. In the 1920s, some decorators took up French modern styles, and Art Deco was adopted in the late 1920s. The Bauhaus school of art and design, closed by the Nazi regime in 1933, established a relationship between design and industrial techniques as well as between fine and applied arts (Chilvers Glaves-Smith). From there, there has been rapid growth in the design of manufactured products. Henry Fords rigid standardization, interchangeable parts, and special-purpose machine tools complemented Fords introduction of the assembly line in 1913, resulting in vastly increased production volume and relentless cost reduction. Global competition in the 1980s and 1990s impelled designers to give form to the hardware and software of the information age. Quality became a key criterion also (Volti 2005). Affective design that is able to translate human affections into product design specifications has been widely accepted as an effective tool for product development. It enables designers to identify product features that can meet consumer needs to feel satisfied with a product. Affective design knowledge can help designers improve product design (Zhai et al. 2009). Environmentally friendliness of consumer products is another aspect of design, but it has been observed that consumers need to be reminded of ecological issues when actually using the product. It is worth noting that it is a holistic, life-cycle-based analysis that will enable the designer to assess the environmental impact of design options: environmental damage can occur as toxic emissions during production, energy consumption during use, or toxic waste during disposal (Saue et al. 2002). As far as the larger environment is concerned, the US electrical industry has contributed played a part in the use of consumer goods ( Carlson 2001). Design encompasses these issues. Industrial Design Industrial design may be defined as The ideation, specification, and development of functions, properties and concepts of industrially manufactured products and systems, mainly regarding aspects of user-products interaction, aesthetics and identity considering a totality of ergonomic, usability, technical, economic and social factors (Warell 1999). Industrial designers are concerned with communicating the quality and function of a product as well as the reputation of the manufacturer object by visual means. The product should be easy, comfortable and safe to use (Dieter 1991, p.111). The industrial designer emphasises the user and the purpose of the product; its esthetic nature, including not only style and appearance but what the product will convey to the owner in emotional terms; and product identity, which may apply to strategic positioning within a specific market and linkages with other products. In the design process the designer has considerable freedom to decide on how an optimal result is achieved (Green Bonollo 2004). This illustrates the way in which creativity informs industrial design. Design is a part of product planning and development that come from the business strategy of the client company and are marketed and distributed in order to await success at the hands of the consumer (Cross 2000, p.198). Analysis of features of competing products, the use of benchmarking, or research into user needs and preferences may take place. Specifications may be elaborated and concepts critically examined (Green Bonollo 2004). Conceptualisation refers to highlights in the creative process. Synectics is a group technique which draws on analogical thinking, identifying parallels between apparently dissimilar topics (Dieter 1991, p.113). A process of rough visualisation through sketching may follow. At some point an industrial designer will have a basic idea of the concept to be embodied in the product-how it works, the overall shape and so on. In this phase the schemes are worked up in greater detail and, if there is more than one, a final choice between them is made. The end product is usually a set of general arrangement drawings. There is (or should be) a great deal of feedback from this phase to the conceptual design phase (Cross 2000). Before selecting a concept, industrial designer needs to consider the availability of technology: if there is no existing technology that can be used for a design, the industrial designer will need to consult with engineering designer. Dorst (2003) argues that the interaction itself has to be designed: the industrial designer should use design techniques such as scenario-based design and storytelling to deal with this issue effectively. A Rapid Prototype model may be made in order to finalise design details. In addition, industrial designers may carry out styling, where components of style are built into their own designs. This can involve materials or techniques, environmental influences or social trends (Mayall 1967). Detailed design issues follow: component parts, nesting, packaging, shipping and marketing issues may be relevant. Colour and placement of the brand name are important (Cross 2000, p 32).Finally the industrial designer uses three-dimensional computer programs such as Solidworks to create actual size 3D models and engineering drawings to be used in production. Engineering Design Engineering design tends to relate to the technical operation of mechanized products rather than their esthetic characteristics. In the automobile industry, stylists were used at General Motors as intermediaries between the mechanical engineers and consumers. What these stylists did was to give cars a visual identity through the shape of the body, grille or dashboard design, or colour choices and interior fabrics (Woodham 2006, p.141). Engineering design is design with particular emphasis on the technical aspects of a product. It includes activities of analysis as well as synthesis. This definition broadly describes what engineering designers do. They may be concerned with aspects of engineering consideration that includes machine elements, solid mechanics, strength of materials, aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, hydraulics, electronics engineering, software and systems engineering, quality engineering, industrial economics and human-factors engineering (Warell 1999). A formal definition of engineering design is found in the curriculum guidelines of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). The ABET definition states that engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is a decision-making process (often iterative), in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a stated objective. Engineering design should be creative and use open-ended problems and modern design theory and methodology. The approach process of engineering design is more systematic and problem-focused than industrial design. Engineering design is a sequential process consisting of many design operations. It may include exploring the use of alternative systems, formulating a mathematical model of the best system concept, or specifying subsystem components. It could mean selecting a material from which to manufacturer a part (Birmingham et al. 1997). In the product planning and task verification phase, the roles of engineering designer and industrial designer are similar, though a particular concern of the engineering designer will be what the client requested. Conceptualisation for the engineering designer involves determining the elements and mechanisms to be used in the product. This will often involve formulating a model, either analytical or experimental (Dieter 1983). Before moving to the embodiment stage, it is important for the engineering designer to understand the strengths and weaknesses of mechanisms, concepts or material and be able choose the one most appropriate to the product function. An excellent technique to guide the designer in making the best decision is a scoring matrix, which forces a more penetrating study of each alternative against specified criteria (Haik 2003). Embodiment involves the clear determination of the physical processes which govern the main flows and conversions of material, energy, and information. This stage of engineering design includes building and testing experimental models. Dieter (1983) notes that this phase lays the basis for good detail design by means of a structured development of the design concept. Most of the time engineering design requires experimentation where a piece of hardware is constructed and tested to verify the concept and analysis of the design as to its work ability, durability, and performance characteristics. The design on paper is transformed into a physical reality. Three techniques of construction are available to the designer: the mock-up, generally constructed to scale from plastics, wood, cardboard, and so forth. It is often used to check clearance, assembly technique, manufacturing considerations, and appearance. It is the least expensive technique, provides the least amount of information, a nd is quick and relatively easy to build. The model is a mathematical representation of the physical system. The prototype is the most expensive experimental technique but the one producing the greatest amount of useful information (Haik 2003): In the detailed design stage, the engineering designer may find many complex interrelationships involved in the product. The quality and cost advantage of a product are determined by the level of quality detail. Manufacturing specialists may also be involved. This is now a tested and producible product. The arrangement, form, dimensions, tolerances and surface properties of all individual parts and the materials and manufacturing processes are all specified (Dieter 1983). Communication and preparation for production now follows a sequential flow of operations. Tooling and machinery are laid down. Production cost estimates will be available, but close collaboration with mechanical engineers is necessary and high costs could mean changes in materials and even in design. The colour of a car is usually applied as paint, but paint goes beyond merely esthetic and cosmetic features. Consumers and manufacturers have to face the fact that new investment in vehicles is extremely expensive, and consumers are not inclined to accept alternative or radical designs. Paint is a comparatively cheap way out of this, and plastic components are painted as well. Paint thus keeps the car looking good, but it no doubt inhibits the use of new alternative materials or new manufacturing initiatives in design this in turn could inhibit the extensive adoption of new and alternative materials (Nieuwenhuis et al. 2006). The engineer manages schedules and uses resources after research in the car industry. He or she is also participant and communicator of design. The desire to be more ecologically and environmentally aware has had a major influence on automobile design. Automobile design factors will need to be covered as a broad range rather than just by focusing on particular single consumer requirements. The car has to meet human needs but also to be environmentally friendly. This will entail: (1) technological support for automobile design, (2) product innovation for various automobile prototypes (low emission car, high efficiency car, friendly car, advanced safety car), and (3) design methodologies (e.g., CAD-CAE-CAM, real time simulations, rapid prototype systems, parameter design technologies) (Ardayfio 2000). Design innovation, often pushed by customer needs and expectations, enables companies to gain leadership in an extremely competitive global marketplace. But products need to go beyond customer expectations. Industrially also, innovation is needed to remain competitive (Ardayfio 2000). Art and Design Apart from the creativity of design, there is the excitement of design. Bertola (2003) argues that design is a multifunctional activity. It can take many forms to adapt to contextual infrastructures, that is different organizations and purposes. Design can act as a knowledge broker, flowing from outside to inside companies. Design, if it is seen as a knowledge process that can adapt, can also be seen as an opportunity to support innovation in a particular context. This paper began with reference to creativity in product design. Button (2000) takes up the concept of ethnography in relation to design. Ethnographical field work has tried to analyse foreign cultures from the inside, developing theories about exotic cultures. But design in a Western culture can also be seen in terms of ethnography. This is particularly so in the context of industrial design, whose origins are quite recent. Ethnomethodology suggests that it is just not possible to go beyond the knowledge possessed by members of a society about what they do. Whatever explication given by the ethnographer may not be of interest to design engineers, for example, but the substance of his or her report should be recognisable to them. From an anthropological or sociological point of view, there is some logic in this. However this paper, building on what has been said about industrial design and engineering design, argues a further point: that the concept of design as allied to art can eas ily be misplaced or forgotten in an organisational situation where the concern is to produce a product. A Bauhaus or Memphis, even a postmodernist initiative, may not emerge from a tunnel of emphasis on products as products. This is where product design, along with architecture, has a place in the overall scope of Design and Art. There is an imagination within the desire to produce something novel. This is a field that allows the operation of graphic art, and a sculptured three dimensional impression that includes the artifact as well as the common consumer purchases. If modernism and postmodernism are currents, then they may be described as floating currents because they are difficult to locate precisely. The two currents interact at some points. In art, modernism may be said to date from about 1860, and became an orthodox school in the 1920s. Modernism tended to stress form more than content and to reject traditional esthetic values. It was very influential until about 1960, and then postmodernism came into vogue. It has been related to poststructuralist writers Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault, whose writings embodied a radical relativism which was able to be used to deconstruct the status quo. It is important to note however that there have been 250 years of intellectual-literary-artistic alienation when from Rousseau onwards artists tried to stand aside from mainstream culture. Modernism and postmodernism are part of that overall movement (Murphey 1999). The Italian design group Memphis was a flash of artistic input to interior design. It is said to be part of postmodernism. The trend crystallized in Memphis was away from the decorative styles of the Arts and Crafts movement. Symbolism, pattern and of course ornament were relegated essentially to the modern era. The Bauhaus designs with their geometry dovetailed into a simplicity which in Italy focused on furniture design. The Memphis Group emerged. Austrian-born, Italian-educated Ettore Sottsass formed Memphis in 1981, with a loosely-formed group of designers. The designs that emanated out of the Memphis group included limited productions of unusual and functional designs, characterized by plastic laminated surfaces and bold colours and patterns.   The interpretation of the group has involved making a political statement: high and low classes should share perceptions and ideals. Meecham and Wood examine the proposition that as art itself has fundamentally changed in the modern period, so have ideas about it (1996, p.1). Postmodernism may be said to differ from modernism in that it returns art to a representation of the worldattempts to restore art to its external referencesRepresentational art is back, but it tends to be critical rather than celebratory, stressing bleak and shocking images rather than the beauty of nature or intimations of divine order (Veath quoted in Murphey, 1999). A group of designers of furniture and household accessories, who were known for erratic, illogical, avant-garde and anti-establishment style, Memphis in being concerning with juxtaposing reality infiltrated the world of the imagination, in a way that was deeper and different from the modern. There is a need to look back to compare with the modern, because in many ways this is a necessary context for the description of the postmodern. The Modernists had disliked decoration and colour, but Postmodernism used them with enthusiasm. Allegory, multi-historical and multi-cultural references came into new design. Memphis bad taste was an ironic bad taste. Pattern and ornament are characteristic of the works, just as they were alien to Modernism. The impression is kitsch, cheap and nasty materials, and bad taste throughout. Whether it is self-conscious or even self-mocking, the point is made that this is not modernism (Reed 1984). The bright and careless style of some of the Memphis design will have been trendy once, and some people will have worn them at some times. However these designs are bold and brazen. They seem directed to a middle class or intellectual section of society that likes to be overexpressive and does not care even if there are consequences for being like this. That is the impression I had, and that was the impression I gained from overhearing two possibly third year students who seemed to have generally quite mature attitudes on art. A group of designers of furniture and household accessories, who were known for erratic, illogical, avant-garde and anti-establishment style, Memphis in being concerning with juxtaposing reality infiltrated the world of the imagination, in a way that was deeper and different from the modern. There is a need to look back to compare with the modern, because in many ways this is a necessary context for the description of the postmodern. The Modernists had disliked decoration and colour, but Postmodernism used them with enthusiasm. Allegory, multi-historical and multi-cultural references came into new design. If accused of bad taste, Memphis would have said, Of course. Their bad taste was an ironic bad taste, but there was bad taste in their work. These attributes of Memphis no doubt related to its short-lived presence in the art world (Watson 2002). In a sense furniture design itself is an activity that can easily push against the boundaries of modernism, if only because small aspects of furniture design can jump past the outrageous modern stage into a stage which inverts and turns around artistic insights at will, lampooning commercial motives as it goes. The postmodern impulse that seems to be emerging from every joint is somehow trying to say, or saying, that this is something to sit on and it will probably hold you up, too, but you need to see it as something a little funny, a little amusing. Memphis asks not to be taken too seriously. This whimsical face of furniture design has a certain class aspect inasmuch as the poor and the working classes cannot afford to see their houses and what goes in them in terms of play. The question will be more often whether they can afford to buy furniture. Modern art and particularly postmodern art go beyond this basic complexion of need. Conclusion A striking thing that comes out of this survey of writing on the role of industrial design versus engineering design is the interdependence of the two. This may not mean an interrelated operation or a simultaneous operation involving the two aspects of engineering, but it is clear that to present an optimally designed product in the industrial sense means that it must work in the engineering sense. And engineering designers must be able to locate the device or consumer good within a framework of its production and ultimately its marketing and use. There are many articles on this issue that could have been referred to here, or summarised, or responded to in some way. However the coverage here is no doubt adequate to show how industrial and engineering designs are complementary. What has emerged most strikingly from the whole context of industrial design is its potential responsiveness to the culture in which it exists. It is possible to look back at various movements that have shaped the consumer products with which people are so familiar in their everyday lives, and where their parents have seen changes over the years. The Bauhaus, now a long time past, had a distinct and revolutionary approach to design. Memphis similarly had an avant garde approach which vanished into air. Whether such movements will resurface in some other form will probably not be the doing of the design engineer. But it may arise out of the imaginative design of the industrial designer. It may also arise as a resolution of forces in society that may flow conservatively for a time and then suddenly change direction. This can affect everyday objects-the hair dryer, the car, the television set, the computer and so on. It has certainly affected the miniaturised communication device, the m obile telephone. The fuel consuming, polluting yet status symbolic institution of the automobile will no doubt respond to pressures to change. There is an art in design that over time is likely to surface in different ways and in different places. In this context, the industrial designer along with the design engineer is likely to be closely involved.

Heart and Stone Therapy

322 Apply stone therapy massage 322 Apply stone therapy massage By Lucy Barnett By Lucy Barnett Task 1a * The importance of carrying out a detailed body analysis & relevant tests is so that you can pick up on any posture faults, avoid any areas which may be contra indicated and you are able to give them information on ways to improve their posture. It is important to carry out relevant tests such as cold or hot and sharp and blunt so that you are sure the client can feel the difference.This also prevents you from harming your client if they can feel something within the treatment which feels painful. * The importance of positioning the client correctly so they are as comfortable as possible and you aren’t causing them any pain or injury. It is important to be positioned correctly as a therapist so you prevent yourself from pain or injury if you consistently and positioned correctly this can result in repetitive strain injury. It is important to use the correct products, tools, equipment and technique because so the client can feel the best benefit from their treatment and it will not harm the client. * It is important to complete treatment records correctly so that you have on record if the client has any contra-indications which may prevent or restrict a treatment. You will also have on record anything the client may be allergic to. * It is important to complete the treatment to the satisfaction of the client so they go away feeling happy and return to you again in the future. Task 1bHistorical and culture background of stone therapy: The stones originated from Native Americans but they did not use them in massage. Stone therapy has been around for a long time but has been modernised through the years and now we use naturally shaped basalt pebbles and marble pebbles that have been cut to shape to deliver hot and cold temperatures. Four types of stones: Basalt stones: Hot stone, made from volcanic rock used all over the body. Should be recharged once a m onth in either; a bowl of salt water, in direct sunlight/ moonlight or burying in the earth overnight.Marble stones: cold stone, made from limestone should be recharged by leaving in sunlight/moonlight or burying in the earth overnight Marine stones: cold stone, made from sedimentary rock should be recharged by leaving in sunlight/moonlight or burying in the earth overnight. Semi-precious stones: can be used hot or cold, gem stones, usually used for shakra placing. Should be recharged; with reiki energy, leaving in sunlight/moonlight and cleansing in a bowl with other crystals. Physical and physiological effects of hot and cold stones: Effects of hot stones 1 Vaso-dilation – the blood vessels widen, bringing blood to areas of the body ie skin * Increased circulation – more oxygenated blood circulating * Increased metabolism – speeds up the rate of nutrients being utilised * Increased pulse rate – helps the heart pump efficiently * Increased cell metabolis m – speeds up the process of manufacturing new cells * Increased lymph function – speeds up the removal of toxins and waste * Relaxes the muscles – enables the therapist to work on the muscles without causing discomfort to the client * Reduces muscle tension Relaxes the mind * Different emotions may cause some clients to feel upset. Effects of cold stones 1 * Vaso-constriction – the blood vessels narrow, taking blood away from areas of the body, ie skin * Analgesic effect – natural pain relief released in the body * Reduces inflammation – excess blood is taken away from the area * Reduces histamine – reduces this irritant often present in stressed muscles, causing the muscles to relax. * Body pumped to the core organs, ie heart, lungs * Relaxes the mind * Reduces headaches Task 1cOne Fungal infection that would prevent the treatment: Ringworm One Bacterial infection that would prevent the treatment: Impetigo One viral infection that w ould prevent the treatment: Shingles One severe skin condition: Severe eczema Ten contra-indications that would restrict the treatment: 1. Diabetes 2. Epilepsy 3. High/low blood pressure 4. Piercings 5. Anxiety 6. Cuts 7. Abrasions 8. Bruises 9. Metal plates or pins 10. Recent dermabrasion Bibliography Task 1a – core unit’s book Task 1b – lastone therapy book Task 1c – notes taken in class

High School Essay Samples Fundamentals Explained

High School Essay Samples Fundamentals Explained Excellent anecdotes and individual insights really can draw in an audience's interest. It's a good idea to purchase essays from experts who do their very best to be sure that the quality is all up to standard. If you are looking for an agency that would not just write quality essays for you but also provide affordable pricing, then you've found one in us. Each detail of a specific subject plays an important part in developing a visual representation for such. Top High School Essay Samples Secrets A strong outline is likely to make the writing process much simpler. Write 100 words of a rather superior bit of writing will trump 1000 of really poor writing. A quick sentence is utilised to make the emotional resolution of the admission essay. Taking the lead from the previous bullet, be certain that your essay is genuine. As you start to compose your essay, bear in mind your reader is somebody who wishes to learn more about you. Don't forget to make abstract claims concrete, or so the reader knows just what you mean. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and a suitable structure. After all, you don't wish to provide your readers the incorrect interpretation. It's really critical to make a difference and show people that things don't need to be the way that they are. One of my favourite things about writing is that there isn't any correct or wrong answer. Don't cram in a whole lot of unnecessary words merely to make it longer. You could select a topic that you're not interested in and wind up straining to compose the appropriate notion. Possessing a crystal clear and structured plan is the foundation for any great bit of writing, and a college essay is the same. Bridget's essay is quite strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that c ould be made better. Our purpose is to supply you with a professionally written essay on this issue you require. When you think that it is totally finished, you're prepared to proofread and format the essay. All essays will have a certain topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. A fantastic descriptive essay comes out of a knowledgeable and imaginative mind. The trick to writing a great effectiveA essay is to get the passion to write it. There's quite a few essays completed by them. You'll observe a similar structure in a lot of the essays. As a consequence, you prefer doing your essays by yourself. It is vital that the application essay is personal and distinctive. High School Essay Samples - What Is It? Getting admission into your beloved high school might be the desire of your heart. When you would like an excellent admissions essay, it's more than worth it to pay the little price we charge for the awesome quality we'll deliver to you. Its one of the most significant elements of your college application and it may be the hardest. In extreme circumstances, students may be quite so frustrated or disappointed in their results they may think about ending their lives. College hopefuls face a succession of tests on the course toward higher education. Colleges would like to find out what you're passionate about, and what exactly you'd increase the campus community. Many people think that high school entrance essays are rather simpler to write than college entrance essays, that's the reason there are fewer places where you are able to get assistance with higher school entrance essays. The structure of organization is quite spread, it is composed of many chapters in high schools around the nation. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service offered by fully qualified academics in your area of study. Don't be scared to speak to professors or professionals in the area.

Personal Statement For Self Exploration - 872 Words

The purpose of this memo is to perform self-exploration to gain a better understanding of myself and my career goals. In addition to providing insights into myself, this exercise will enable the comparison of my current situation to my future goals. Upon beginning my college education, I always thought I’d earn a degree and then figure out what I wanted to do with it. Now I understand the necessity of knowing myself better and formulating a plan prior to graduation. To understand myself better, it is important to first recognize my strengths and weaknesses. My greatest strengths are the following. I have an aptitude for learning new software systems quickly and efficiently. I have strong logic skills which aid in problem solving and troubleshooting. Lastly, I am never content with the level of knowledge I possess; I am always seeking to improve my knowledge in areas relevant to my career. To counter these strengths, my most important weaknesses are these. I sometimes struggle to work in teams, particularly with unfamiliar people. While fixing issues, I am often short-sighted in my efforts which can lead to future problems. I have great difficulty admitting mistakes. To advance my career, I must display my strengths and minimize my weaknesses while I work to overcome them. When selecting the type of organization I would like to work for, the way the organization treats their stakeholders and the environment are critical factors. Companies concerned with more than the bottomShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Self Exploration1156 Words   |  5 Pages Self Exploration Paper Yifei Bai Arizona State University Introduction To have a clear future career plan, self-exploration would be the first step to take since those who do not know themselves well will also have no idea about where to begin their career or may be mediocre in their life (Rogers et al., 2008). 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